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This the Stone Terms dictionary. You may find the meanings of some stone related words and phrases.
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P
Palletised : A system of stacking stone on wooden pallets. Stone, which comes palletised, is easily moved and transported by modern handling equipment. Palletised stone generally arrives at the job site in better condition than UN-palletised material.
Panel : A finished stone unit used on walls.
Parapet wall : That part of any wall entirely above the roofline.
Parging : Damp-proofing by placing a coast of ½ inch (13mm) setting mortar to the back of stones or the face of the back-up material.
Parquetry : An inlay of stone floors in stones or the face of back-up material.
Paving : Stone used as an exterior-wearing surface, as in patios, walkways, driveways, etc. (see flooring).
Perforated wall : One that contains a considerable number of relatively small openings, often called pierced wall or screen wall.
Perrons : Slabs of stone set on other stones serving as steps and arches in gardens.
Phenocryst : In igneous rocks, the relatively large and conspicuous crystals in a finer-grained matrix or ground mass.
Pilaster : An engaged pier of shallow depth. In classical architecture, it follows the height and width of related columns, with similar base and cap.
Pitched stone : Stone having arris clearly defined; face, however, is roughly cut with pitching chisel used along the line that becomes the arris.
Plinths : The lower square part of the base of a column. A square base or a lower block, as of a pedestal, The base block at the juncture or baseboard and trim around an opening.
Plucked finish : Obtained by rough-planing the surface of stone, breaking or plucking out small particles to give rough texture.
Pointing : The final filling and finishing of mortar joints that have been raked out.
Polished finish : The finest and smoothest finish available in stone characterised by a high lustre (gloss) and strong reflection of incident light, generally only possible on hard, dense materials.
Porphyry : An igneous rock in which relatively large and conspicuous crystal (Phenocryst) are set in a matrix of finer crystals.
Pressure relieving joint : An open horizontal joint below the supporting angle or hanger located at approximately every floor line and not over 15 feet (4.6m) apart horizontally and every 20 to 30 feet (6 to 9m) vertically to prevent the weight from being transmitted to the masonry below, These joints are to be caulked with a resilient non-staining material to prevent moisture penetration.
Processing : The work involved in transforming building stone from quarry blocks to cut or finished stone. This includes primary sawing into slabs, It may also include both hand and mechanical techniques such as sawing, drilling, grinding, honing, polishing and carving.
Projections : This refers to the pulling out of stones in a wall to give an effect of ruggedness. The amount each stone is pulled out can vary between ½ and 1-½ inches (1.3 to 3.8 cm). Stones are either pulled out at the same degree at both ends or sometimes one end is pulled out, leaving the other end flush with the majority of the veneer.
Pumice : An exceptionally cellular, glassy lava resembling a solid froth.
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